The Effect Implementation of Fundamental Safe Work Practice Injury Prevention Section Workover in PT. ACS Duri.

PT. Asrindo Citraseni Satria (ACS) adalah Perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang minyak dan gas bumi dan merupakan sub kontraktor PT.CPI. PT. ACS telah menerapkan FSWP yang mempunyai tujuan yakni untuk mengidentifikasi, menilai, mengurangi, mengendalikan atau menghilangkan resiko-resiko yang terkait dengan pekerjaan, akan tetapi sampai sekarang masih ada kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi walaupun dalam jumlah kecil. Penulis ingin mengetahui tentang pengaruh penerapan Fundamental Safe Work Practice (FSWP) terhadap pencegahaan kecelakaan kerja dibagian Workover PT. ACS Duri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei analitik kuantitatif, dengan desain Cross Sectional yang dilakukan mulai bulan Mei sampai dengan Juni Tahun 2012 dengan besar sampel 122 dari 360 orang yang berkerja di bagian Workover. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan sistem Accidental Sampling, dan data diolah dengan menggunakan program komputer dengan menganalisa variabel independen berupa penerapan FSWP serta variabel dependen yaitu kecelakaan kerja dan diuji menggunakan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penerapan FSWP dapat mencegah kecelakaan kerja yang meliputi SOP dengan nilai P = 0,01 lebih kecil dari nilai α =0,05 berarti ada hubungan bermakna antara penerapan SOP dengan kecelakaan kerja, PTW dengan nilai P = 0,02 lebih kecil dari nilai α =0,05 berarti ada hubungan bermakna antara penerapan PTW dengan kecelakaan kerja, serta LOTO dengan nilai P = 0,01 lebih kecil dari nilai α =0,05 berarti ada hubungan bermakna antara penerapan LOTO dengan kecelakaan kerja. Disimpulkan bahwa, penerapan FSWP dapat mengurangi/menurunkan angka kecelakaan kerja di bagian Workover, dan diharapkan bagi pihak manajemen HES untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan karyawan tentang aspek-aspek FSWP (SWA, Hazard Analysis, SOP, Access Control, PPE, MSDS, Housekeeping, PTW & Other Safe Work Practices)

Hemichorea as a presentation of acute rheumatic fever: a case report

Chorea is a major manifestation of acute RF and is the only evidence of RF in approximately 20% of cases. We report on a 15-year-old boy who presented with transient right side involuntary jerky movements, apical systolic murmur, sinus bradycardia, arthralgia, elevated antistreptolysin O titer and ESR, who was diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever and improved with haloperidol, prednisolone, digoxin, aspirin and furosemide and was given benzathine penicillin prophylaxis for future RF. Patient is faring well in follow up visits. We present our case because of its rarity

Correlation of non alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients of coronary artery disease

Background: In NAFLD, increase in factor VIII and a reduction of protein C leads to the progression from steatosis to cirrhosi. The aim was to study the correlation of NAFLD with other associated risk factors of CAD.Methods: A total number of 100 patients of coronary artery disease were assessed for presence of NAFLD, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome & diabetes by various laboratory tests.Results: 46% of the CAD patients were found to have NAFLD. 69.6% patients of NAFLD were in the age group of 40-60 years. 21.7% were above 60 years. 91.1% of NAFLD patients were males. Half of the NAFLD patients were diabetic. 21.7% of NAFLD patients were found to have a total cholesterol level >200. Triglyceride level was also high among these patients (58.7%). All the NAFLD patients had LDL <100. 52.2% of them had metabolic syndrome.Conclusions: The study showed a direct correlation between NAFLD & CAD. Metabolic syndrome, diabetes, increased total cholesterol & triglyceride level were also associated with increased risk for CAD. However LDL level was not found to be associated with NAFLD risk

OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PEG-PCL-PEG TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER AS CARRIER OF DRUG USING FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN

Objective: Triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE) was applicated as hydrophobic drug. This study aims to optimization and characterization of PECE triblock copolymer as carriers of hydrophobic drug (ketoprofen). Methods: Triblock copolymer of PECE was prepared with varying composition ratio of PEG and PCL by ring-opening and coupling reaction. The characteristics of triblock copolymer were characterized using FTIR and DSC. Variation composition ratio of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and ratio PECE/drug as factors for optimization using full factorial design. Ketoprofen was loaded into PECE triblock copolymer micelles by emulsification and solvent evaporation method. Responses were measured particle size, entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug solubility. Results: The result of this study showed that a higher ratio of PCL/PEG and ratio of PECE/drug, reducing particle size, increasing EE and improving drug solubility. The optimum formula obtained by ratio of PCL/PEG is 2:1 and ratio of PECE/drug is 40:1 with particle size is 356,967±9,142 nm, EE is 57,751±0,437%, drug solubility is 32,648±0,200 µg/ml and zeta potential-18,867±2,578 mV. A full factorial design was applied to determine the optimum formula for the PECE triblock copolymer as drug carriers. Conclusion: The PECE triblock copolymer was preparated using ring-opening polymerization method with Sn(Oct)2 as a catalyst and then continued the reaction with HMDI as coupling agent. Ketoprofen was loaded into PECE triblock copolymer using methods emulsification and solvent evaporation

Optimasi formula tablet gastroretentive ranitidin HCIdengan sistem floating = Optimization formula gastroretentive tablet of ranitidine HCIwith floating system

Ranltldin HCI merupakan antagonis reseptor H-2 untuk terapi sekresi tukak lambung dengan bioavailabilitas kecil, sehlngga perlu dlkembangkan dalam bentuk sedlaan sustained release yang ditahan di lambung. Formulasi floating tablet ranitidln HCI dlbuat menggunakan slstem effervescent. Simplex lattice design digunakan untuk optlmasi formula sediaan floating tablet ranltldln HCI dengan varlasl kadar Methocel K15M 100-185 mg, natrium blkarbonat 15-100 mg, dan asam sltrat 0-85 mg. Penentuan area formula optimum dltentukan berdasarkan superimposed contour plot berbagai parameter: sifat allr granul, sifat. flslk tablet dan pelepasan obat dengan menggunakan program Design [email protected] superimposed contour plot dlperoleh area formula optimum pada rentang Methocel K15M 100-145 mg, natrium blkarbonat 20-80 mg asam sltrat dan 25-80 mg. Ranltldine HCIis an H-2 receptor antagonists for the treatment of peptic gastric secretion with a small bloavailabllity, so that should be developed in a sustained release dosage form are retained in the stomach. Ranitidine HCI floating tablet was formulation by effervescent system. Simplex lattice design was applied to optimize the formula of ranitidine HCI floating tablet by varying levels of Methocel K15M 100-185 mg, sodium bicarbonate 15-100 mg, and citric acidO-85 mg. The Optimum formula determined by superimposed contour plot from various parameters: flowability of granules, physical properties of tablet and drug release using Deslgn-Expert@program. Based on superimposed contour plot obtained optimum formula for the area in the range of Methocel K15M100-145 mg, sodium bicarbonate 20-80 mg and citric acid 25- 80 mg

METHOD VALIDATION OF SIMVASTATIN IN PCL-PEG-PCL TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER MICELLES USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC FOR SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT ASSAY

Objective: This study aims to increase the solubility of simvastatin (SIM), a hydrophobic drug, by incorporating it into PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymer micelles and validating the assay method used, namely Uv-Vis spectrophotometric. Methods: The shake flask method was used to determine the increase in solubility experienced by SIM after being incorporated into the micellar system. The values ​​of maximum wavelength (λmax), linearity, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, and precision were used as parameters measured to assess the validity of the assay method used. Results: The results showed that PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymer micelles could increase SIM solubility by 9.7 times (89.49±5.75 µg/ml) compared to SIM without modification (9.19±0.24 µg/ml). The validation results show the λmax value of 239 nm, a linear calibration curve with an R-value of 0.9994, LOD and LOQ of 0.33 µg/ml and 1.00 µg/ml, accurate measurement with recovery at concentrations of 80%, 100%, and 120% were 102.93±1.32%, 100.78±0.40%, and 104.58±0.79% and also had good precision ​​with RSD&lt;2%. Conclusion: The PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymer micelles can increase SIM solubility and the Uv-Vis spectrophotometric method has been validated successfully for the quantitative analysis of SIM in PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymer micelles

Endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome: a prospective study in a rural institute in India

Background: The objective was to evaluate endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, hospital based observational study included 45 patients with metabolic syndrome and 20 age and sex matched controls who attended hypertension clinic, diabetes clinic, general medicine OPD and patients admitted in wards department of medicine, UPRIMS&R, Saifai, Etawah, UP, India. All patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria were subjected to the color Doppler of the brachial artery in the department of radio-diagnosis of the same institute.Results: Of the 45 patients with metabolic syndrome included in the study, 22 patients (48.9%) were males and 23 patients (51.1%) were females. Ten males (45.5%) had a waist circumference of >90 cm whereas 20 females (87%) had waist circumference of >80 cm. 9 males (40.9%) had abnormal waist hip ratio whereas 22 females (95.7%) had abnormal waist hip ratio. 43 patients (95.6%) had a SBP >130 mm of Hg whereas 39 patients (86.7%) had a DBP >85 mm of Hg. 24 patients (53.3%) had impaired fasting blood sugar i.e. >100 mg/dl ,25 patients (55.6%) had a TGL level >150 mg/dl, and 9 males (40.0%) had HDL < 40 mg/dl whereas 18 females (78.3%) had HDL value < 50 mg/dl respectively. The mean brachial artery baseline diameter were 3.50 ± 0.39 mm in males and 3.25 ± 0.29 mm in females respectively, FMD percentage was 14.91 ± 3.56 in females and 14.53 ± 4.02 in males, and GTN mediated dilatation were 27.67 ± 9.83% in females and 27.62 ± 6.85% in males respectively.Conclusion: Estimation of Endothelial Dysfunction in patients at risk of developing full blown Metabolic Syndrome may predict the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these individuals even before fulfilling the 3/5 criteria of NCEP/ATP III Guidelines for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.

OPTIMIZING FORMULATION OF MINI TABLETS FLOATING RANITIDINE HCL USING FULLY PREGELATINIZED STARCH (MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ) WITH SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

Objective: The main objective of this study was to optimize the noneffervescent floating mini tablets (NEFT) formula of ranitidine hydrochloride (ranitidine HCl) using the simplex lattice design (SLD) with parameters, granule flow rate, hardness, friability, floating lag time and ranitidine HCl dissolution test (%). Methods: The material was prepared using the SLD model was cassava starch fully pregelatinized (CSFP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC K4M), and magnesium stearate. The formula obtained was tested for critical parameters, namely flow rate, hardness, friability, floating lag time and ranitidine HCl dissolution test (%). The dissolution test was carried out by using the USP type II method (paddle method). The beaker is immersed in the water bath of temperature 37 °C. It is filled with 900 ml of 0.1 N HCl, and the apparatus was set at 75 rpm. The samples were taken in the interval of 10 min and estimated content by a spectrophotometer at 312 nm. Results: The optimum formula based on superimposed graphs of various contour plots with SLD. From the experimental data for all test parameters, the experimental results are approaching with the results of the prediction. The condition for optimum functional components in NEFT was 80 mg for CSFP, HPMC K4M 30 mg, and 10 mg magnesium stearate to obtain a yield of 7.85 kg hardness, 0.34 % friability, 15.27 floating lag time and 91.31 % ranitidine HCl dissolved. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the optimum formula using the Design-Expert® program the SLD concept is obtained in the range of 70-80 mg CSFP, 30-40 mg HPMC K4M, 0-10 mg magnesium stearate

Mouthwash Formulation Of Basil Oil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) And In Vitro Antibacterial And Antibiofilm Activities Against Streptococcus Mutans

Basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) contain essential oil that have been reported to have antibacterial activity. Based on this antibacterial activity, basil oil can be developed as mouthwash to prevent a dental plaque. This study aims to investigate the influence of tween 80 (as emulsifying agent) and glycerin (as stabilizer) on physical characteristics of the mouthwash, the ratio between tween 80 and glycerin for best stability, and in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans. Basil oil was extracted by water and steam distillation, then was formulated into mouthwash with a variation amount of tween 80 and glyserin. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities weretested with micro dilution method. Result of study showed that tween 80 gives significant increase on viscosity and glycerin on specific mass when they were added at more than 2.5 mL in 50 mL mouthwash. From five formulas, formula with ratio of tween 80 and glycerin = 3.75 mL : 1.25 mL was found to be the best. Basil mouthwash showedin vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Streptococcus mutans. This product had MIC of 0.1 % v/v with 87,50 ± 3,33 % of bacterial inhibition. The MIC of biofilm formation and biofilm degradation was 0.1 % v/v and 0.2 % v/v, with % inhibition and degradation of 77,52 ± 0,82 % and 57,64 ± 6,09 %, respectively

Design of Integrated Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Bandpass Filter and U-Shape Defected Microstrip Structure DMS

Keywords: Ultra-Wideband, microstrip bandpass filter, notch response, defected microstrip structure (DMS). This paper presents a new class of a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter with Defected Microstrip Structure (DMS) to produce bandpass and band reject characteristics simultaneously. The bandpass filter produces a wideband frequency from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz with a return loss, S 11 better than -15 dB and insertion loss, S 21 of around 0.1 db. While, the DMS exhibits a band reject response, better than -20 dB at a frequency of 5.78 GHz. Thus, the integrated BPF and DMS will produce wideband bandpass and band reject response simultaneously in the same structure. The design is simulated on a Roger Duroid RO4350 with a dielectric constant, εr of 3.48 and a thickness of 0.508 mm. The optimum topology of DMS with U-shape exhibits high selectivity, sharp response as well as high attenuation in the stopband. This new class design of Chebyshev bandpass filter with DMS is useful to remove any undesired signals in any ultra-wideband communication system